All exterior fixtures need to be at least wet location listed and with an IP (Ingress protection) rating of 65 or higher.
Site
Lighting within this area typically includes roadways, parking lots and primary pedestrian paths. Site poles can be decorative or utilitarian in nature and typically range in size from 12' - 30'. Bollards or pathway fixtures are typically 30" - 42" high. Lamp sources for site poles are typically high intensity discharge, either Metal Halide or High Pressure Sodium, both of which are energy efficient. LED solutions are new to the market and offer substantial energy savings possibilities however the product offering is limited as the technology is still relatively young. Lamps sources for bollards include compact fluorescent, HID and LED.
Landscape lighting fixtures are just that, fixtures designed to illuminate landscape features such as shrubs and trees. Since landscape fixtures are typically ground mounted, important factors to consider in selection of these fixtures include material construction, durability, warranty and finish. Fixtures in this category are typically accent, ingrade and low level pathway. Lamp sources for landscape range from low voltage halogen in a variety of sizes to HID and are also starting to include LED. Available accessories is an important factor when considering landscape fixtures. Transformers, ballasts, baffles, spread and colored lenses, snoots and ground stakes are all additional accessories of landscape fixtures.
Illumination of exterior facades brings not only attention to buildings at night but also provides additional security. Fixtures within this category can be either building mounted or ground mounted and typically include floodlights, wall packs and linear fixtures such as LED, neon and cold cathode. Lamps are typically HID or in the use of linear fixtures, fluorescent, LED, neon or cold cathode.
This category includes specialty applications such as stadiums, fountains, swimming pools, and restricted access. Fixture construction and durability is a primary factor when considering underwater fixtures. Additional building codes may apply which restrict the use of certain types of lamps / voltages. Restricted access fixtures include FAA marker lights, navigation lights and tower / roof lighting which is very difficult to access. Lamps for these fixtures are specialty as well and offer extremely long life. Stadium / sports lighting fixtures are typically HID and have large reflectors which offer exceptionally long throws commonly found in stadium applications.
Fans can be either decorative or utilitarian, interior or exterior and can include light kits or be stand alone. Fan types include the typical blade style ranging from 24" - 48" in diameter, to squirrel fans, portable fans and restroom exhaust fans. Some exterior fans also incorporate cool mist technology to help control summer heat. Restroom fans typically exhaust to the facility HVAC system and are controlled with a local switch.
Energy codes now require that lighting systems include automated control. This control can be as sophisticated as a daylight harvesting dimming system or a simple as a common occupancy sensor which controls the light for the space based on the occupancy of that space. Either way the lighting control system is an integral component to the overall lighting system for the building. Lighting control systems can also tie into other building systems such as audio visual (sound), HVAC, building management and fire alarm. When connecting with any of these systems, the services of a systems integrator should be considered.
